# Patron RLS Policies

**Categoria:** Patterns
**Version:** 1.0.0
**Origen:** projects/gamilit, projects/erp-core
**Fecha:** 2025-12-27

---

## Descripcion

Patrones estandarizados para implementar Row-Level Security (RLS) en PostgreSQL.

## Politicas Base

### 1. Tenant Isolation (Aislamiento por tenant)

```sql
-- Template basico
CREATE POLICY tenant_isolation ON {schema}.{table}
    FOR ALL
    USING (tenant_id = current_setting('app.current_tenant_id', true)::UUID);
```

### 2. Tenant + Owner (Aislamiento por tenant y propietario)

```sql
-- Solo el creador puede ver/modificar
CREATE POLICY owner_only ON {schema}.{table}
    FOR ALL
    USING (
        tenant_id = current_setting('app.current_tenant_id', true)::UUID
        AND created_by = current_setting('app.current_user_id', true)::UUID
    );
```

### 3. Tenant + Role Based (Basado en roles)

```sql
-- Admins ven todo, usuarios ven lo suyo
CREATE POLICY role_based ON {schema}.{table}
    FOR ALL
    USING (
        tenant_id = current_setting('app.current_tenant_id', true)::UUID
        AND (
            current_setting('app.current_user_role', true) = 'admin'
            OR created_by = current_setting('app.current_user_id', true)::UUID
        )
    );
```

### 4. Soft Delete Protection

```sql
-- No mostrar registros eliminados
CREATE POLICY soft_delete ON {schema}.{table}
    FOR SELECT
    USING (
        tenant_id = current_setting('app.current_tenant_id', true)::UUID
        AND deleted_at IS NULL
    );

-- Admins pueden ver eliminados
CREATE POLICY admin_see_deleted ON {schema}.{table}
    FOR SELECT
    USING (
        tenant_id = current_setting('app.current_tenant_id', true)::UUID
        AND current_setting('app.current_user_role', true) = 'admin'
    );
```

### 5. Hierarchical Access (Acceso jerarquico)

```sql
-- Managers ven datos de su equipo
CREATE POLICY hierarchical ON {schema}.{table}
    FOR SELECT
    USING (
        tenant_id = current_setting('app.current_tenant_id', true)::UUID
        AND (
            created_by = current_setting('app.current_user_id', true)::UUID
            OR created_by IN (
                SELECT id FROM auth.users
                WHERE manager_id = current_setting('app.current_user_id', true)::UUID
            )
        )
    );
```

## Patrones por Operacion

### SELECT (Lectura)

```sql
CREATE POLICY read_own ON {table}
    FOR SELECT
    USING (tenant_id = current_setting('app.current_tenant_id', true)::UUID);
```

### INSERT (Creacion)

```sql
CREATE POLICY insert_own ON {table}
    FOR INSERT
    WITH CHECK (
        tenant_id = current_setting('app.current_tenant_id', true)::UUID
        AND created_by = current_setting('app.current_user_id', true)::UUID
    );
```

### UPDATE (Modificacion)

```sql
CREATE POLICY update_own ON {table}
    FOR UPDATE
    USING (
        tenant_id = current_setting('app.current_tenant_id', true)::UUID
        AND created_by = current_setting('app.current_user_id', true)::UUID
    )
    WITH CHECK (
        tenant_id = current_setting('app.current_tenant_id', true)::UUID
    );
```

### DELETE (Eliminacion)

```sql
-- Solo admins pueden eliminar
CREATE POLICY delete_admin_only ON {table}
    FOR DELETE
    USING (
        tenant_id = current_setting('app.current_tenant_id', true)::UUID
        AND current_setting('app.current_user_role', true) = 'admin'
    );
```

## Casos Especiales

### Tablas de Configuracion Global

```sql
-- Sin RLS, acceso publico de lectura
ALTER TABLE config.settings DISABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;

-- O con politica permisiva
CREATE POLICY public_read ON config.settings
    FOR SELECT
    USING (true);
```

### Tablas de Audit (Solo insert)

```sql
-- Solo permitir INSERT, nunca UPDATE/DELETE
CREATE POLICY audit_insert_only ON audit.logs
    FOR INSERT
    WITH CHECK (true);

-- Bloquear todo lo demas
CREATE POLICY audit_no_modify ON audit.logs
    FOR UPDATE
    USING (false);

CREATE POLICY audit_no_delete ON audit.logs
    FOR DELETE
    USING (false);
```

### Cross-Tenant Access (Super Admin)

```sql
-- Super admin puede ver todos los tenants
CREATE POLICY super_admin_access ON {table}
    FOR ALL
    USING (
        current_setting('app.is_super_admin', true)::BOOLEAN = true
        OR tenant_id = current_setting('app.current_tenant_id', true)::UUID
    );
```

## Script de Generacion

```sql
-- Funcion para aplicar politicas estandar
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION apply_standard_rls(
    p_schema TEXT,
    p_table TEXT
) RETURNS VOID AS $$
BEGIN
    -- Habilitar RLS
    EXECUTE format('ALTER TABLE %I.%I ENABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY', p_schema, p_table);

    -- Politica de tenant isolation
    EXECUTE format(
        'CREATE POLICY tenant_isolation ON %I.%I
         FOR ALL
         USING (tenant_id = current_setting(''app.current_tenant_id'', true)::UUID)',
        p_schema, p_table
    );

    RAISE NOTICE 'RLS applied to %.%', p_schema, p_table;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

-- Uso:
SELECT apply_standard_rls('my_schema', 'my_table');
```

## Validacion

```sql
-- Verificar que RLS esta activo
SELECT
    schemaname,
    tablename,
    rowsecurity
FROM pg_tables
WHERE schemaname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema')
ORDER BY schemaname, tablename;

-- Verificar politicas existentes
SELECT
    schemaname,
    tablename,
    policyname,
    permissive,
    roles,
    cmd,
    qual
FROM pg_policies
ORDER BY schemaname, tablename;
```

## Referencias

- `architecture/PATRON-MULTI-TENANT.md`
- `core/catalog/multi-tenancy/`
- PostgreSQL RLS Documentation

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